Main themes of Surah An-Nur: A research review
سورۃ النور کے مضامین کا تحقیقی جائزہ
Keywords:
Al-Nur, crime, chastity, innocence, mannersAbstract
The main theme of Surah An-Nur is to provide the necessary instructions and commands to prevent indecency and obscenity in society and to promote chastity and purity. One of the important characteristics of the believers described at the beginning of the previous Surah was that they protect their private parts, that is, they live a chaste life. Now, this Surah describes the requirements for living a chaste life. Thus, at the very beginning of the Surah, the Sharia punishment for adultery is defined. At the same time, it is stated that just as adultery is a very heinous crime, accusing an innocent person of adultery without Sharia evidence is not only a grave sin; Rather, a severe legal punishment has been prescribed for her as well. The prevailing opinion is that this Surah was revealed in the sixth year after the Hijrah. In that year, the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) received information about an Arab tribe, Banu al-Mustaliq, that they were gathering an army to attack him. He advanced before their attack and thwarted their plans. On his return from the same trip, the hypocrites made a baseless accusation against Hazrat Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) and gave her great fame in Medina. This Surah was revealed to declare the innocence of Hazrat Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), and the people who had committed the heinous crime of making accusations, and severe punishment was given to them and to those who spread nudity and obscenity in society. As a first step to protect chastity and innocence, the same Surah also gives orders to women to wear veils and explains the necessary manners and rules for visiting other people's homes. Also, the manners of attending the presence of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) have been described.
References
Al-Nur: 02.
Musnad al-Rabi’ ibn Habib, vol. A, p. 60, Arab Culture Library, Beirut.
Sahih Ibn Hibban, Hadith No.: 2072, Resources of Thirst, Hadith No.: 195, Al-Habir’s Summary of Hadith No.: 566, Musannaf Abd al-Razzaq, Hadith No.: 766, 1771.
Sahih Muslim, Hadith No.: 560, Sunan Abu Dawud, Hadith No.: 89, Explanation of the Sunnah, Hadith No.: 802, Ibn Asakir’s History of Damascus, vol. 34, p. 164, printed by Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-Arabi, Beirut, 1421 AH.
Mukhtar Al-Sihah 170, Al-Nihayah, vol. 2, p. 284, Al-Mufradat, vol. A, p. 284.
Dustour Al-Ulama’, vol. 2, p. 113, printed by Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya, Beirut, 1421.
Taj Al-Arous, vol. 10, p. 165, printed by Al-Matba’a Al-Khairiyah Misr, 1306 AH.
Badaa’i’ al-Sana’i’, vol. 7, p. 33) Alama Ibn Hammam, no definition. (Fath al-Qadir, vol. 7, p. 33, Sahar.
Al-Nur: 03.
Sunan Abu Dawud, Hadith No.: 2052, Al-Mustadrak, vol. 2, p. 266, Musnad Ahmad, vol. 2, 324, Kanz Al-Ummal, Hadith No.: 44297.
Al-Nur: 32.
Al-Jami’ Al-Ahkam Al-Qur’an, vol. 12, p. 157, 156, summary, published by Dar Al-Fikr, Beirut, 1415 AH.
Al-Nur: 04.
Taj al-Arous 6, p. 217, Egypt.
Al-Bahr Al-Raiq, vol. 5, s. 30.29, Misr Publication, 1311 AH.
Taj Al-Arous, vol. 9, p. 335, 334.
Umda al-Qari, vol. 20, p. 290.
Al-Nur: 22.
Jami’ al-Bayan, vol. 18, p. 137, 136, Dar Al-Fikr, Beirut, 1415 AH.
The path increased. Part 6, p. 29, published by the Islamic Library of Beirut, 1407 AH.
Al-Jami’ li-Ahkam Al-Qur’an, vol. 12, p. 262.
Tanziyah Al-Thari’ah Al-Marfu’ah, vol. 1, p. 337, published by Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya, Beirut, 1401 AH.
Interpretation of Imam Ibn Abi Hatim, Hadith No.: 14819.
Lataif Al-Isharaat, vol. 2, p. 376, printed by Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya, Beirut, 1420.
Ma’alim al-Tanzeel, vol. 3, p. 433, published by Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-Arabi, Beirut, 1420 AH.
Jami’ al-Bayan, Hadith No.: 19911, Tafsir Imam Ibn Abi Hatim, Hadith No.: 124824, Al-Nukat wal-Ain, vol. 4, p. 128.
Jami’ al-Bayan Hadith No.: 19912 Tafsir of Imam Ibn Abi Hatim Hadith No.: 14926 An-Nukat wa’l-Uyun by al-Mawardi, Vol. 4, p. 128.
Kabir Tafsir 8, p. 425 Tafsir al-Jami’ li Ahkam al-Qur’an, Part 2, p. 298 Tafsir Baydawi with al-Khafaji, Vol. 7, p. 93 Al-Wasit, Vol. 3 Page 331 Ibn Kathir’s Interpretation, Vol. 3, p. 339, Al-Dalmanthur, Vol. 6, p. 211, Ruh Al-Ma’ani, Part 18, p. 329, Al-Bahr Al-Muheet, Vol. 8, p. 75, Al-Kashaf, Vol. 3, p. 265, Fath Al-Qadir, Vol. 4, p. 78, Fath Al-Bayan, Vol. 4, p. 625, Al-Khazin’s Interpretation, Vol. 3, p. 365 Interpretation of Al-Madarik on the margin of Al-Khazin, Vol. 3, p. 365.
Al-Nukat wa Al-Uyoun, vol. 4, p. 128, printed by Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya, Beirut.
Al-Kashaaf, vol. 3, p. 265, published by Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-Arabi, Beirut, 1417 AH.
Tafsir Kabirj 8, p. 425, published by Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-Arabi, Beirut, 1415 AH.
