“National Treasure is a Public Trust” in this Regard the Role of Ruler: A Research Analysis in the Context of the Caliphate of Umar Farooq R.A
’’قومی خزانہ عوامی امانت ہے‘‘کے ضمن میں حاکم وقت کا کردار:خلافت عمر فاروق رضی اللہ عنہ کے تناظرمیں تحقیقی جائزہ
Keywords:
Ruler, Treasure, Umar, Caliphate, Trustee, NationalAbstract
From the Islamic point of view, the governance of the country is a trust, the one who fulfills the right of this trust is given the good news of success in this world and the hereafter, and the one who commits betrayal of this trust is given the news of severe punishment. Rulers in Islam has been declared as the trustee and protector of the national treasury. If the ruler does not use the public treasury properly, he will be called dishonest and a traitor just like the one who commits betrayal of trust in normal social life. If the rulers start using the country's treasury in an illegal way, then the national income, which is a public right, does not reach them completely, they are deprived of their rights, this causes the nation to lose its rights and the people start hating the rulers, chaos spreads in the country. It is a hindrance in the development of the country. In this research paper, the role of the ruler in the trusteeship of the national treasury has been made part of the research in the context of the caliphate of Hazrat Umar Farooq R.A. It has been concluded from the research that the ruler of the time, Hazrat Umar Farooq, practically proved that the national treasure is a public trust, the rulers are its trustees and the people's money should be spent on the people, it is their right. At the end of the research paper, suggestions have been made that any ruler can become the best example by adopting the trustworthiness and authority of Hazrat Umar Farooq R.A in the national treasury.
References
Imam Muslim, Abu al-Husayn Muslim bin Al-Hajjaj bin Muslim al-Qashiri al-Nisaburi, Sahih Muslim, Dar-i-Ahya al-Arabi, Beirut, vol. 3, p.1457.
Imam Al-Bukhaari, Muhammad ibn Isma'il, Sahih al-Bukhari, translator: Hafiz Abdul Sattar Hammad , Book: In The Statement of Government and Qaza, Chapter: The Punishment of the One Who Becomes The Ruler of The Ra'ayat and Does Not Do Good To Them, Dar-ul-Salam, 1433 AH, Hadith: 7150
Abu Dawud, Suleiman bin Al-Ash'ath bin Ishaq bin Bashir bin Shaddad bin Umar Walazdi al-Sajistani, Sunan Abi Dawood, Translator: Al-Shaykh Abu Ammar Umar Farooq Saeedi, Book: Problems of Jihad, Chapter: Imam's Taking Something Special For Himself From The Wealth He Receives From Infidels, Dar-ul-Islam, 2016, Hadith: 2755
Abu Dawud, Sunan Abi Dawud, Al-Maktabat al-Asriyya, Beirut, Hadith: 2943, vol. 3, p. 134
Mohib al-Din al-Tabari, Abu al-Abbas Ahmad bin Abdullah bin Muhammad, al-Riyad al-Nidra fi Manaqib al-Ashra, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, vol. 2, p. 404
Mohib al-Din al-Tabari, Abu al-Abbas Ahmad bin Abdullah bin Muhammad, al-Riyad al-Nidra fi Manaqib al-Ashra, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, vol. 2, p. 315. 316
Yahya Ibrahim, Al-Khilafah al-Ra'id, Dadulat al-Amawiyah min Fath al-Bari, Dar-ul-Hijra, Riyadh, 1996, p. 270
Mu'ammar ibn Rashid, Mu'ammar ibn Abi 'Umar al-Rashid al-'Azdi Mulaham, Abu'rwat al-Basri, al-Jami (Manifesto of the Qur'an by Abdul Razzaq), al-Maktab al-Islami, Beirut, 1403 AH, Hadith: 20046, vol. 11, p. 104
Ibn al-Mubard, Yusuf bin Ahsan bin Ahmad bin Hasan ibn 'Abd al-Hadi, Vol. 2, p. 492
Ibn al-Mubard, Mere al-Sawaab fi Faa'il al-Mu'minin 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, Dar-i-Dawa al-Salif, Riyadh, 2000, vol. 1, p. 383
Qasim Ashur, Fara'id al-Kalam al-L-Khafa'ah, Dar-ul-Taweeq, Saudia, 1996, p. 113
Ibn al-Mubard, Mere al-Sawaab fi Faa'il al-Mu'minin 'Umar b. al-Khattab, al-Jama'at al-Islamiyya, Madinah al-Nabawiyya, Saudia, 2000, vol. 2, p. 610
Ibn Kathir, Abu l-Fida Isma'il b. 'Umar b. Kathir, Imad al-Din, Musnad Amir al-Mu'minin Abi Hafs 'Umar b. al-Khattab and 'Ali, Dar al-Wafa, al-Mansura, vol. 1, p. 250
Ibn Jawzi, Abu l-Faraj 'Abd al-Rahman b. Abu l-Hasan 'Ali b. Muhammad al-Qurashi al-Taymi al-Bakri, Manaqib Amir al-Mu'minin 'Umar b. al-Khattab, Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, Beirut, 2001, p. 161
Dr. Muhammad Qalaji, Mussu'ah Fiqh 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, p. 146
Zaffar al-Qasimi, Nizam al-Hukm fi al-Shari'ah wa'l-Tarikh al-Islami, Dar al-Nafas, Beirut, 1987, vol. 1, p. 87
Zaffar al-Qasimi, Nizam al-Hukm fi al-Shari'ah wa'l-Tarikh al-Islami, Dar al-Nafas, Beirut, 1987, vol. 1, p. 188
Ibn Jawzi, Abu l-Faraj 'Abd al-Rahman b. Abu l-Hasan 'Ali b. Muhammad al-Qurashi al-Taymi al-Bakri, Manaqib Amir al-Mu'minin 'Umar b. al-Khattab, Dar ibn Khaldun, 1996, p. 139
Abbas al-Aqad, Abbas Mahmud al-Aqad, Ubqari'at Umar, Maktaba al-Misriyya, Beirut, p. 216
Ibn Sa'd, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Sa'd bin Minya Baghdadi, al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, 1990, vol. 3, p. 240.
Ibn al-Mubard, Mere al-Sawaab fi Faa'il al-Mu'minin 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, al-Jamiat al-Islamiyyah, Madinah al-Nabawiyyah, vol. 2, p. 492
Akram bin Zia al-'Amri, Asr al-Khilafah al-Ra'idah Al-Muhawla al-Linqad al-Rawiyyah al-Tarikhiyyah wa Fiqh Minhaj al-Muhaddithin, Maktabat al-'Aikan, al-Riyadh, vol. 1, p. 257
Shams al-Din al-Dhahabi, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Uthman bin Qaymaz Dhahabi, Damascus Turkmani Shafi'i, Tarikh-ul-Islam Wafiyat al-Mushahir wal-Alam, Bab Sirat 'Umar bin al-Khattab, al-Maktabat al-Tawfiqiyyah, vol. 3, p. 54.
Muhammad Salam al-Khidr, Al-Balagha al-'Umariyyah, Mubrat al-'Al wa'l-Sahaba, vol. 1, p. 150.
Ibn 'Asakir, Abu al-Qasim 'Ali b. al-Hasan b. Hibatullah b. 'Abd Allah al-Shafi'i, Tarikh Damascus, Dar-ul-Fikr, 1995, vol. 44, p. 326
Mohib al-Din al-Tabari, Abu al-Abbas Ahmad bin Abdullah bin Muhammad, Mohib al-Din al-Tabari, al-Riyad al-Nidra fi Manaqib al-Ashra, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Beirut, vol. 2, p. 362.
Ibn 'Asakir, Abu al-Qasim 'Ali b. al-Hasan b. Hibatullah, Tarikh Damascus, Dar-ul-Fikr, 1995, vol. 44, p. 329
Shams al-Din al-Dhahabi, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Uthman bin Qaymaz Dhahabi, Damascus Turkmani Shafi'i, Sir A'lam al-Nabla, Dar al-Hadith, al-Qahra, vol. 2, p. 411
Ibn Athir al-Jajri, Abu l-Hasan 'Ali b. Abi al-Karam Muhammad b. Muhammad b. 'Abd al-Karim, 'Az al-Din, al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, Dar-ul-Kutub al-Arabi, Beirut, 1997, vol. 2, p. 469
Ibn 'Asakir, Abu al-Qasim 'Ali b. al-Hasan b. Hibatullah b. 'Abd Allah al-Shafi'i, Tarikh Damascus, Dar-ul-Fikr, 1995, vol. 38, p. 57
Muhammad Salam al-Khidr, Al-Balagha al-'Umariyya, Mubrat al-'Aal wa'l-Sahaba, vol. 1, p. 172
Dr. Muhammad Qalaji, Mussu'ah Fiqh 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, p. 135. 137
Dr. Abdul Aziz bin Ibrahim al-Amri, Al-Wilayah 'Ali al-Buldan fi Asr al-Khilafah al-Rashidin, vol. 2, p. 77. 79
Ahmad ibn Yahya al-Balazari, Fatuh al-Baldan, Mu'sa'at al-Ma'arif, Beirut, 1987, p. 224. 257
Abdullah Jaman al-Saadi, Siyasat al-Maal fi'l-Islam fi'id 'Umar b. Al-Khattab, Maktabat-ul-Madaris, Al-Doha, Qatar, 1983, p. 172
Ibn Manzoor, Muhammad bin Mukarram bin Ali bin Ahmad bin Manzoor al-Ansari al-Afriqi al-Masri al-Khazarji Jamal al-Din Abul Fazl, Short History of Damascus La bin Asakar, Dar-ul-Fikr, Damascus, 1984, vol. 19, p. 16. 15
Ibn Sa'd, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Sa'd, Tabaqat Ibn Sa'd, Dar-ul-Pasat, Karachi, 2003, vol. 2, p. 96
