English 1. Analytical Study of the Historical Contribution of Muslims in Horticulture During 800-1250 AD

Abstract

In Islamic history, horticulture had a prominent place in the Muslim era. The Arabs planted gardens in Medina and Taif. In this sense, gardens were an important source of food and trade. Leaving Arabia, when Islam reached Persia and Syria and Egypt and Andalusia, Muslim kings and rulers planted gardens. They not only encouraged farmers but also took personal interest. The Arabs planted fruit trees abundantly in mountainous and desert areas. And when the canals were dug, fruit trees were planted along their banks. Palm groves were plentiful in the Hijaz and later planted in Iraq and Syria. During the Umayyad period, the fruit trade spread throughout Arabia. Similarly, when Muslims arrived in Andalusia, gardening was a common industry. From Abdur Rehman to the end, the rulers were fond of horticulture, thanks to which the cultivation of new plants was promoted and Muslim botanists played a vital role in the field of horticulture. This research paper mainly highlights and explains the role of Muslims in the field of horticulture and how they have strengthened this field with their research efforts and experiences.