Achieving self-satisfaction in Islamic and psychological perspectives

نفس مطمئنہ کا حصول اسلامی اور نفسیاتی(Psychological) تناظرمیں

Abstract

The id is the unorganized part of the personality structure that contains a human's basic, instinctual drives. It is the only component of personality that is present from birth. It is the source of our bodily needs, wants, desires, and impulses, particularly our sexual and aggressive drives. The id contains the libido, which is the primary source of instinctual force that is unresponsive to the demands of reality. The id acts according to the "pleasure principle"—the psychic force that motivates the tendency to seek immediate gratification of any impulse—defined as, seeking to avoid pain or sorrow (not 'displeasure') aroused by increases in instinctual tension. The inciting Nafs (an-Nafs- al-ʾammārah) In its primitive stage the Nafs incites us to commit evil: this is the Nafs as the lower self, the base instincts. In the eponymous Sura of the Qur'an, Yusuf says "Yet I claim not that my Nafs was innocent: Verily the Nafs incites to evil."[Quran 12:53] Islam emphasizes the importance of fighting the inciting Nafs. One tradition holds that Muhammad said after returning from a war, "We now return from the small struggle (Jihad Asghar) to the big struggle (Jihad Akbar)". His companions asked, "O prophet of God, what is the big struggle?" He replied, "The struggle against Nafs." The Qur'an enjoins the faithful "to hinder the Nafs from lust",[Quran 79:40] and another traditional narration warns that "the worst enemy you have is [the Nafs ] between your sides." Animal imagery is often used to describe the Nafs. A popular image is a donkey or unruly horse that must be trained and broken so that eventually it will bear its rider to the goal.]Rumi compares the Nafs to a camel that the hero Majnun, representing the intellect ('Aql), strains to turn in the direction of the dwelling-place of his beloved. The self-accusing Nafs (an-Nafs -al-luwwāmah) In Sura al-Qiyama the Qur'an mentions "the self-accusing Nafs ".[Quran 75:2] This is the stage where "the conscience is awakened and the self accuses one for listening to one’s ego. One repents and asks for forgiveness." Here the Nafs is inspired by your heart, sees the results of your actions, agrees with your brain, sees your weaknesses, and aspires to perfection. The Nafs  at peace (an-Nafs  al-muṭmaʾinnah) In Sura al-Fajr the Qur'an mentions "the Nafs  at peace".[Quran 89:27] This is the ideal stage of ego for Muslims. On this level one is firm in one’s faith and leaves bad manners behind. The soul becomes tranquil, at peace At this stage, followers of Sufism have relieved themselves of all materialism and worldly problems and are satisfied with the will of God.